منابع مشابه
Supply Chain Optimization of Petroleum Refinery Complexes
Production planning is a very important step in managing the operation of a single refinery and their complexes. Despite its significance, few contributions have been found in literature and the existing ones rely on linear models. Pinto et al. (Comp. Chem. Engng. 24, 2259-2276, 2000), presented a superstructure that represents a general topology and allows the implementation of nonlinear proce...
متن کاملsupply and demand security of energy in central asia and the caucasus
امنیت انرژی به معنی عرضه مداوم و پایدار همراه با قیمت های معقول در حامل های انرژی، که تهدیدات امنیتی، سیاسی، اقتصادی، محیط زیستی و روانی را کاهش دهد. امروزه نفت و گاز تنها، کالای تجاری نیست بلکه بعنوان ابزار سیاسی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد.اختلاف میان روسیه و اکراین بر سر انرژی در ژانویه 2006، تهدیدی برای امنیت انرژی اروپا ایجاد کرد. در این تحقیق ما تلاش کردیم که نقش انرژی آسیای میانه و قفقاز ر...
15 صفحه اولInvestigating the organic agricultural products supply chain in Iran
The present study aimed to investigate the organic agricultural products supply chain in Iran and provide a processes maturity framework for this chain based on the Iranian Standard of the organic products. Accordingly, the model, proposed in this research, provides an improvement tool that addresses the integration of company's internal processes at low levels, and the integration of the proce...
متن کاملPneumonia associated with the ingestion of petroleum products by children.
The ingestion of petroleum products by children is not infrequent. Some of the more common substances encountered are, benzene, kerosene, gasolene, and insect sprays. Kerosene is the most common poison taken by chi1dren.l The ensuing irritant and toxic manifestations have been thoroughly described by previous However, it is noteworthy that in the clinic, as well as in the literature, most of th...
متن کاملSupply Chain Management in the Petroleum Industry: Challenges and Opportunities
Supply chain management in the petroleum industry contains various challenges, specifically in the logistics area, that are not present in most other industries. These logistical challenges are a major influence on the cost of oil and its derivatives. However, opportunities for cost savings in logistics still do exist. Giant oil and petrochemical companies are undertaking a “swap” practice that...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1922
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/110401a0